CompletedNot Applicable

TRANSLATION, ADAPTATION, VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY OF ARABIC VERSION OF KERLAN-JOBE ORTHOPAEDIC CLINIC SHOULDER AND ELBOW SCORE IN EGYPTIAN SYMPTOMATIC OVERHEAD ATHLETES

Egypt100 participantsStarted 2026-06-01

Plain-language summary

PURPOSE: To perform a cross-cultural adaption of the KJOC Shoulder and Elbow score into the Arabic language, then to test its validity and reliability. BACKGROUND: Shoulder and elbow injuries are highly prevalent among overhead and throwing athletes, particularly in sports such as baseball, handball, volleyball, and tennis throwing. Accurate assessment of upper extremity function in this athletic population is essential for injury prevention, clinical decision-making, and monitoring return-to-sport outcomes. The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) Shoulder and Elbow Score is a sport-specific, patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) developed to evaluate functional performance, pain, and sport-related limitations in overhead athletes. It has been widely used and validated in several languages including Spanish, Germany, Japanese, and Greek; however, no validated Arabic version is currently available. Simple literal translation is insufficient for patient-reported outcome measures. Instead, a structured process of translation, cultural adaptation, and comprehensive psychometric validation is required to ensure linguistic accuracy, conceptual equivalence, cultural relevance, and measurement reliability for Arabic-speaking athletes. HYPOTHESES: The study hypothesizes that the Arabic version of the KJOC shoulder and elbow score will demonstrate strong validity and reliability as an assessment tool for evaluating upper extremity function in symptomatic Arabic-speaking overhead athletes. RESEARCH QUESTION: Is the adapted Arabic version of the KJOC Shoulder and Elbow score valid and reliable for assessing upper extremity function in Egyptian symptomatic overhead athletes?

Who can participate

Age range

18 Years – 45 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

Inclusion criteria (Almeida et al., 2025) * Male or female symptomatic athletes who participates in overhead sports (badminton, water polo, basketball, baseball, softball, handball, volleyball, or tennis) at least twice a week (Paraskevopoulos et al., 2024). * Age ranges from 18 to 45 years old (Schulz et al., 2022). * Non illiterate native Arabic speakers Exclusion criteria: * History of upper limb injury or any other injury that prevents the athlete from actively participating in their sport (Sukanen et al., 2022). * History of recent upper limb trauma, neuropathic pain, or surgery (Sasagawa et al., 2024). * Asymptomatic athletes who participate in overhead sports * Occurrence of a new injury during the study's reliability assessment interval (Sedighimehr, 2020). * Surgery that prevents full sports participation * Arabic speakers who are not native speakers. * Being illiterate or unable to read Arabic. * Visual or cognitive difficulties that make it difficult to read the questionnaire or take part in the interview.

Questions worth asking your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.

1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?

Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.

Questions for the trial coordinator

The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.

1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?

A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.

What they're measuring

The KJOC Shoulder and Elbow score

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Arabic version of DASH

Timeframe: 4 weeks

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07729306

SponsorZiad Mohamed Mohamed Abdalla Haroun

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeOBSERVATIONAL

Primary completion2026-07-01

View on ClinicalTrials.gov More Shoulder and Elbow Injury trials