The goal of this clinical trial was to learn if a localized knee exercise program with visual and auditory feedback improves joint awareness (proprioception) and movement quality in young adults with a history of knee injuries. It also evaluated the feasibility and safety of performing these exercises. The main questions it aimed to answer were: 1. Does targeted knee training with instant audio and visual warnings improve joint position awareness and decrease movement fear? 2. Is a supervised laboratory biofeedback training program more effective at improving knee function and movement consistency than an independent home training program? 3. How reliable is a manual goniometer compared to an isokinetic machine when measuring joint position errors? Researchers used a crossover design where every participant completed both the home-based training program and the laboratory-based biofeedback program, separated by a two-week rest period, to compare the effectiveness of the two approaches. Participants did: 1. Complete two separate three-week training blocks (two sessions per week) performing squats, lunge patterns, and sidesteps. 2. Attend testing sessions at the lab before and after each training block to evaluate balance, movement consistency, and joint position awareness. 3. Wear smart shoe insoles and surface body sensors during testing and laboratory training to track force and joint angles. 4. Keep a log of exercises and note any side effects when training independently at home.
Age range
18 Years – 64 Years
Sex
ALL
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Dispersion Index (DI) from the Action-Perception Coupling (APC) Task
Timeframe: Change from Baseline (Pre-Training 1) to Post-Training 1 (Week 3), and change from Pre-Training 2 (Week 5, following a 2-week washout) to Post-Training 2 (Week 8)
Absolute Error of Knee Joint Position Sense
Timeframe: Change from Baseline (Pre-Training 1) to Post-Training 1 (Week 3), and change from Pre-Training 2 (Week 5, following a 2-week washout) to Post-Training 2 (Week 8).