The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the relationship between preoperative cardiopulmonary performance indicators and preoxygenation efficiency along with oxygen reserve depletion in patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. The main questions it aims to answer are: What is the relationship between Hand Grip Strength (HGS) and the time taken for end-tidal oxygen (EtO\_2) to reach 90% during preoxygenation? What is the relationship between the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance and the Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) depletion time during the apnea period? Participants will be asked to perform the following tasks during their preoperative and intraoperative care: Complete a 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) to determine preoperative functional capacity. Perform a Hand Grip Strength (HGS) test using a calibrated hand dynamometer to measure muscle strength. Undergo standardized preoxygenation with 100% oxygen via a tight-fitting face mask in the operating room while end-tidal oxygen (EtO\_2) and Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) levels are continuously monitored.
Age range
18 Years
Sex
ALL
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Preoxygenation Efficiency (EtO_2 Time)
Timeframe: From the initiation of preoxygenation (0 seconds) until the EtO_2 values reach 90% (typically within 3 to 5 minutes before anesthesia induction)
Oxygen Reserve Depletion Time (ORI Time)
Timeframe: From the cessation of preoxygenation/initiation of apnea until the ORI drops below 0.55