Effects of Postprandial Walking and Resistance Snacking on Glucose Responses in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Inclusion Criteria: * Adults aged 40 to 65 years * Presence of metabolic syndrome * Fasting glucose of 100 mg/dL or higher or HbA1c of 5.7% or higher * Not regularly engaged in structured exercise training, defined as less than 150 minutes per week during the past year * Able to consume the standardized study meals * Able to wear a continuous glucose monitor and a chest strap heart rate monitor * Able to provide written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * History of major cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatic, neurological, or other severe medical conditions that may affect study participation. * Uncontrolled hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg. * Current use of medications associated with a high risk of hypoglycemia, such as insulin or sulfonylureas. * Initiation or dose change of insulin or oral glucose-lowering medications within the past 3 months. * Initiation or dose change of medications for hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes within the past 3 months. * Musculoskeletal, neurological, or orthopedic conditions that limit safe participation in walking or body-weight resistance exercise, including severe knee, hip, back, or ankle pain. * Regular participation in moderate-to-vigorous exercise of 150 minutes or more per week during the past year. * Difficulty consuming the standardized study meals, including food allergy, dietary restrictions, or severe gastroi…