Background: University students are at high risk for HPV infection, while HPV vaccination rates remain low. Message framing strategies may influence vaccination-related perceptions and intentions. Objective: This study aims to compare the effects of gain- and loss-framed HPV vaccination messages on HPV risk perception, HPV knowledge, and vaccination intention among university students. Methods: This randomized controlled experimental study includes university students from the health sciences faculty of a foundation university. Participants are assigned to gain-framed, loss-framed, and control groups. Data are collected using the Human Papillomavirus Knowledge Scale and the HPV Risk Perception Questionnaire. Statistical analyses include one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and Chi-square tests. The study is designed in accordance with CONSORT 2010 and EQUATOR Network reporting guidelines. Keywords: message framing; gain-loss framing; human papillomavirus; vaccination
Age range
18 Years – 45 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
HPV vaccination intention
Timeframe: Immediately after message exposure