Plantar Intrinsic Muscles Exercises and Three-dimensional Ankle Foot Exercises Comparative Effect in DPN
Pakistan40 participantsStarted 2026-04-20
Plain-language summary
The aim of this study is to determine the comparative effects of plantar intrinsic muscles exercises and three-dimensional ankle foot exercises on balance, gait and fall risk in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Who can participate
Age range50 Years – 75 Years
SexALL
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Inclusion Criteria:
* The participants who scored ≥ 7 (abnormal) as per the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI)
* Able to ambulate 10 m barefoot without using a walking aid
* Patient reporting to have either fear of falling or experienced a fall in the previous 12 months
* Cognitive Function on Mini-Mental State Examination is normal (MMSE score: Above 25)
* Patients having difficulties with mobility, gait, or balance in daily life
Exclusion Criteria:
* Presence of other neurological conditions (GBS, Paraneoplastic Neuropathy, Infectious Neuropathy, others)
* Severe Retinopathy, a vascular complication of DM.
* Limited Ankle and foot ROM due to fracture or contracture.
* Presence of active plantar ulcers.
* Recent surgeries or injuries in the foot/lower limb.
* Musculoskeletal disorders affecting gait (Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Muscular dystrophy, Hip dysplasia, others)
* Participation in another rehabilitation or training concurrently