Dexmedetomidine in Attenuation of Haemodynamic Response to Laryngoscopy in Controlled Hypertensive Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * Ages from 18 to 65 years. * Patients with a known case of controlled hypertension. * ASA II * Elective surgical procedure under general anaesthesia. * Mallampati grades 1 and 2. * Patients consenting to participate in this study Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with an anticipated difficult intubation. * Those requiring more than 15 seconds or more than one attempt or use of a bougie during laryngoscopy. * A patient who has not taken an antihypertensive drug early morning on the day of surgery. * Patients with a history of allergy to drugs being used. * Patients with uncontrolled hypertension (BP \> 140/90 mmHg). * History of bradycardia (resting heart rate \< 60 bpm). * Patients on beta blockers if resting heart rate \< 60 bpm. * History of valvular heart disease, uncontrolled diabetes, liver, or kidney disease. * Pregnancy.