Not Yet RecruitingNot Applicable

Investigating Cognitive Flexibility Training

Singapore225 participantsStarted 2026-04-23

Plain-language summary

The investigators' previous research identified two distinct subtypes of Cognitive Flexibility (CF), termed CF1 (shifting flexibility) and CF2 (strategy flexibility). The present study aims to determine whether these forms of CF can be trained, how they differ, and the extent to which improvements transfer to broader learning and cognitive skills. In addition, social functioning outcomes and the extent to which social factors moderate the effects of cognitive flexibility training are assessed. The investigators will employ a multi-modal approach combining cognitive-behavioural and neuroimaging methods to examine how brain mechanisms and cognitive performance change following CF-targeted training intervention (Structure learning) compared with active control and a no-training paradigm (passive control).

Who can participate

Age range

18 Years – 29 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy volunteer (male of female) between 18 and 29 years who gave written informed consent to participate Exclusion Criteria: * Current and/or prior history of learning disabilities * Current and/or prior history of neurological disorder * Current and/or prior history of psychiatric disorder * Current and/or prior history of cardiovascular disorder * Predominantly left-handed * Contraindications for MRI (e.g., pacemakers, implanted pumps, metal objects in the body) * Claustrophobic * Pregnancy (females) * Lactation (females) * Pronounced visual or auditory impairments

Questions worth asking your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.

1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?

Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.

Questions for the trial coordinator

The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.

1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?

A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.

What they're measuring

Structure Learning Outcome 1 - Performance Index (PI) Relative

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 2 - Strategy choice

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 3 - Strategy ICD index (measured by the integral curve difference)

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 4 - Learning rate

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 5 - Strategy shifting rate

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

'All You Can E.T.' (AYCET) Outcome 1 - Accuracy

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

'All You Can E.T.' (AYCET) Outcome 2 - Response Time (RT)

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07556250

SponsorNanyang Technological University

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeINTERVENTIONAL

Primary completion2026-12-31

Contact for this trial

Kastoori Kalaivanan, PhD

+6569081458 kastoori.k@ntu.edu.sg

View on ClinicalTrials.gov More Healthy trials

Plain-language summary

Who can participate

Age range

18 Years – 29 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

What they're measuring

Structure Learning Outcome 1 - Performance Index (PI) Relative

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 2 - Strategy choice

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 3 - Strategy ICD index (measured by the integral curve difference)

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 4 - Learning rate

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

Structure Learning Outcome 5 - Strategy shifting rate

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

'All You Can E.T.' (AYCET) Outcome 1 - Accuracy

Timeframe: Through training completion (adaptive, up to 12 days)

'All You Can E.T.' (AYCET) Outcome 2 - Response Time (RT)