Enhancing Letter-Speech Sound Learning and Reading Network Activation With Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18-35 * All genders * Written informed consent by the participant * German speaking (native) * Right-handed Exclusion Criteria: * Diagnoses of neurological disorders, intellectual disabilities, or psychiatric disorders (We do not exclude participants with common comorbidities of dyslexia, specifically dyscalculia, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Autism Spectrum Disorders) * History of any acquired brain damage or evidence of fetal alcohol syndrome * Hearing problems and vision problems that cannot be corrected * Inability to follow procedures or understand the instructions given in (Swiss-)German * Current use of psychoactive medications or substances, or a history of substance abuse that may affect brain function, performance or MRI signal quality * A nonverbal IQ \< 80 * Having previously participated in a transcranial electrical stimulation study * Knowledge to read or write in a language using foreign letters (i.e., different from the Latin alphabet) * Contraindications to brain stimulation or MRI, such as: History of epilepsy or severe migraine; Skull breach such as craniotomy; Wearing neurostimulators or cardiac pacemakers; Wearing hearing aid devices or cochlear implants, which are not MR safe; Having metal pieces in their body (e.g., piercings that cannot be removed and contain metal, screws or plates from surgical operations, wounds from metal splinters or similar); Claustrophobia or problems lying in the scanner (e.g., pain,…