This study aims to investigate the impact of multiple preoperative antihyperstensive drug use on the burden of post-induction hypotension (PIH) in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. The researchers will observe whether the combination of different antihypertensive classes (such as ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers) leads to a higher incidence and severity of blood pressure drops and increased need for vasoactive support during the period between anesthesia induction and surgical incision.
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Post-induction Hypotension (PIH) Burden
Timeframe: From the start of anesthesia induction until 15 minutes post-induction or until central venous catheter placement, whichever occurs first.