Despite the growing diversity of materials used for mandibular fixed retainers, the evidence base remains inconclusive. In particular, conflicting findings have been reported regarding the bond failure of titanium retainers across different evaluation periods, including immediate and 12-month outcomes. Additionally, the emergence of 3D metal-printed retainers has not yet been matched by sufficient clinical evidence, with current data being limited and lacking long-term validation.
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
bond failure
Timeframe: immediate (within 24 hours after bonding) and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months