EMG ss AMG In Robotic/Laparoscopic Surgery

Inclusion Criteria * Age \> or = 18 years old * Patients willing to participate and provide an integrated, informed consent * Patients undergoing elective laparoscopic- or robotic-assisted surgical procedures * Anticipated surgery duration \< 300 minutes Exclusion Criteria * Patients with disorders, such as stroke, carpal tunnel syndrome, broken wrist with nerve damage, Dupuytren contracture, or any similar wrist injury. * Patients with systemic neuromuscular diseases such as myasthenia gravis. * Patients having surgery that would involve prepping the arm into the sterile field. * Patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR \<60).