Brain Connectivity and Corticospinal Excitability in Response to Moderate Hypoxia

Inclusion Criteria: * Male or female aged 18 to 65 years * Healthy right- or left-handed individuals with no self-reported neurological disorders or history of neurological conditions (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, brain or spinal surgery, or neurological diseases affecting motor or sensory function such as multiple sclerosis, or neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's) * Individuals who have provided informed consent and have sufficient proficiency in French * Participants affiliated with, or beneficiaries of, a social security scheme Exclusion Criteria: * Body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m² * Diagnosed and untreated obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome * Inability to provide informed consent * History of cardiac (e.g., ischaemic heart disease, heart failure) and/or respiratory disorders (e.g., COPD, chronic respiratory insufficiency, persistent or uncontrolled asthma) * Current smokers * Contraindications to TMS (e.g., uncontrolled epilepsy, intracranial metallic foreign body, hearing aid or cochlear implant, implanted stimulator or pump, scalp lesions, elevated intracranial pressure, cerebrospinal fluid shunt) * Use of psychotropic medication * Individuals under legal guardianship or curatorship * Pregnant or breastfeeding women * Participants who have flown by air or travelled to terrestrial altitudes above 1500 metres within the seven days prior to inclusion