CompletedNot Applicable

The Effect of a Multimodal Approach on Pain, Fear, and Anxiety in Injection Experiences in Children

Turkey (Türkiye)120 participantsStarted 2025-07-15

Plain-language summary

Reducing the pain and fear experienced by children during IM injections, one of the painful procedures commonly seen in emergency departments, is an important midwifery/nursing intervention. The authority of midwives and nurses to use non-pharmacological methods in IM injection administration, which is the most frequent procedure they perform, is expressed in the competency regulations of midwives and nurses. Considering the nature of pediatric emergency units, midwives/nurses increase the comfort of children and even parents by using practical, fast-acting, and low-cost methods that can be easily applied in such painful procedures. To reduce pain and fear during IM injections in children, it is important to both contribute to the literature on the positive effects of non-pharmacological methods in different age groups and to make the use of evidence-based low-cost practices a culture in the units we work in. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of Buzzy® and HSTT on the pain and fear experienced by children aged 4-6 years during IM injections in pediatric emergency departments.

Who can participate

Age range4 Years – 6 Years

SexALL

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Inclusion Criteria: * The child must be in the 4-6 age group, * The IM medication must be ordered by a doctor, * The IM administration must be performed in the pediatric emergency department, * The child must not have a disease causing chronic pain, * The child must not have a neurodevelopmental disorder, * The child must not have received analgesics in the last 6 hours, * The child must not have a history of fainting during injection, * The child must not have mental retardation, * The child must not have scar tissue or muscle atrophy at the injection site, * The child's percentile must be between 10th and 90th, * The families and children must agree to participate in the study. Exclusion Criteria: * -Being younger than 4 years old, * Being older than 6 years old, * Having scarring or muscle atrophy at the injection site, * Having communication problems in the child or parent, * Having a percentile below 10 (cachectic) or above 90 (obese), * Families and children not agreeing to participate in the study.

What they're measuring

Pain Rating Scale

Timeframe: 12 week

Fear Scale

Timeframe: 12 week

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07509164

SponsorSakarya University

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeINTERVENTIONAL

Primary completion2025-07-15