This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing a nursing care bundle upon perineal trauma reduction and birth outcomes during vaginal birth. A quasi-experimental design was employed. A purposive sample of 80 primiparous women was recruited and equally divided into a study group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40).
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Perineal Trauma Reduction using (Perineal trauma Observational Checklist)
Timeframe: up to 5 months
Assessment of Maternal Outcomes
Timeframe: up to 5 months
Newborn Outcomes
Timeframe: up to 5 months