This study investigates the effects of a 4-week virtual reality (VR)-based back school program on pain, disability, fear of movement, and lumbar joint position sense (JPS) in individuals with chronic low back pain. Thirty-nine participants are allocated to either a VR-based back school group or a conventional back school group. Both groups perform supervised low back exercises. Pain, disability, proprioception, kinesiophobia, and perceived cognitive deficits are assessed before and after the intervention.
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Pain intensity
Timeframe: At baseline and immediately post-intervention (4 weeks)
Lumbar joint position sense
Timeframe: At baseline and immediately post-intervention (4 weeks)
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
Timeframe: At baseline and immediately post-intervention (4 weeks)
Functional disability
Timeframe: At baseline and immediately post-intervention (4 weeks)
Perceived Deficits Questionnaire
Timeframe: At baseline and immediately post-intervention (4 weeks)