Determinants of Physical Frailty in Parkinson's Disease: A Multi-Factorial Analysis

Inclusion Criteria: * Clinically diagnosed Parkinson's disease Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-3 Age between 40 and 85 years Adequate cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination \[MMSE\] score ≥ 24) Patients attending the Movement Disorders Outpatient Clinic of the Neurology Department Ability to understand study procedures and provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of psychiatric disorders (major depression, psychotic disorders) Diagnosis of advanced dementia Presence of severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease, or uncontrolled chronic systemic conditions (diabetes mellitus, hypertension) Presence of additional neurological or orthopedic conditions that may affect assessment performance Severe visual or hearing impairments that could interfere with testing procedures Inability to cooperate adequately with the physiotherapist during assessments