Comparison of Awake Tracheal Intubation Methods

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients aged 18 and older * Patients classified as ASA I-II according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification * Patients scheduled for elective surgery * Patients expected to require difficult mask ventilation, difficult laryngoscopy, or difficult tracheal intubation; patients expected to have short apnea periods (Planjuan goiter); patients at risk of aspiration; patients expected to require difficult rescue techniques; and patients with a reported history of difficult intubation * Patients scheduled for intubation using the awake tracheal intubation (ATI) method * Individuals who have agreed to participate in the study by signing an informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with a mouth opening \<1.5 cm * Patients requiring emergency intubation or emergency surgery (situations where there is insufficient time to administer ATI) * Patients who cannot cooperate (mental incapacity, impaired consciousness, inability to communicate, etc.) * Patients with known allergies to lidocaine or other local/topical anesthetic agents used * Pregnancy * Patients with a history of severe cardiac arrhythmia or hemodynamic instability (due to increased risk during intubation) * Patients who have previously undergone tracheostomy or whose airway is technically obstructed due to anatomical deformity * Patients who refuse to participate in the study or who do not provide informed consent