This study aims to investigate the effects of music intervention on subjective anxiety and physiological indicators, including heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate variability, in first-time ambulatory surgery patients, and to compare the differential effects between self-selected and standardized music interventions.
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Subjective Anxiety: Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A)
Timeframe: Baseline (T0, pre-intervention); during the 10-minute intervention (T1); immediately after surgery in the postoperative recovery period (T2)]
Subjective Anxiety: State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S)
Timeframe: Baseline (T0, pre-intervention); immediately after surgery in the postoperative recovery period (T2)]
Subjective Anxiety: Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS)
Timeframe: Baseline (T0, pre-intervention)