Not Yet RecruitingNot Applicable

Pinwheel and Bubble Blowing for Pain and Emotional Responses in Children

75 participantsStarted 2026-04-01

Plain-language summary

Venous blood sampling is one of the most frequently performed invasive procedures in children during diagnostic and treatment processes and may lead to pain, fear, and negative emotional responses. Such negative experiences in childhood may contribute to the development of anxiety toward healthcare services and reduced cooperation with healthcare professionals during treatment. Therefore, the use of non-pharmacological interventions aimed at reducing pain levels and emotional responses during procedures is of great importance in pediatric care. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of pinwheel and bubble blowing techniques applied during venous blood sampling on pain levels and emotional states in children. This study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled trial in the Blood Sampling Unit of the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of a university hospital located in Edirne. A total of 66 children aged 3-6 years who will undergo venous blood sampling will be included in the study (pinwheel group: 22, bubble blowing group: 22, control group: 22). Study data will be collected using the Child and Family Information Form, the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, and the Children's Emotional Indicators Scale. During venous blood sampling, pinwheel or bubble blowing techniques will be applied to the children in the experimental groups, while routine procedures will be performed for the children in the control group. The collected data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the dissemination of evidence-based non-pharmacological practices aimed at reducing pain and emotional stress in pediatric nursing care.

Who can participate

Age range

3 Years – 6 Years

Sex

ALL

See this in plain English?

AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.

Inclusion Criteria: * Children aged 3-6 years * Willingness to undergo intravenous blood collection * Children's ability to apply distraction techniques during blood collection * No communication problems in children * No mental or neurological disability in the child * Venous blood collection performed in a single session * Parents and children must be willing to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Children not being between the ages of 3 and 6 * Absence of intravenous blood collection request * Communication problems in children * Presence of mental or neurological disability in the child * Complaints that disrupt the child's comfort, such as pain, nausea, vomiting, etc., due to other reasons * Use of analgesic or sedative medication within 6 hours prior to the study * Absence of healthy skin integrity * Repeated attempts * Unexpected events occurring during blood collection * Parents or children not volunteering to participate in the study

Questions worth asking your doctor

Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.

1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?

Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.

Questions for the trial coordinator

The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.

1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?

A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.

What they're measuring

Children's Pain Level

Timeframe: The scale will be administered and recorded by the researcher nurse during the procedure and 1 minute after the procedure is completed.

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07443735

SponsorTrakya University

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeINTERVENTIONAL

Primary completion2027-04-30

Contact for this trial

Cansu Edi, Principal Investigator

05452253790 cansuedi34@gmail.com

View on ClinicalTrials.gov More Pain and Emotional Responses in Children During Venous Blood Sampling trials