Evaluation of the Clinical and Prognostic Value of Non-invasive Analysis of Mandibular Movements (MM) as a Marker of Inspiratory Effort in the Spontaneously Breathing Intensive Care Patient

Inclusion Criteria: * Adult patients (≥ 18 years) * Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit for acute respiratory failure * On invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours with: * A respiratory rate ≤ 35 breaths/minute; * Adequate oxygenation, defined as either an oxygen saturation of at least 90% (obtained during ventilation with a fraction of inspired oxygen \[FiO2\] ≤ 40% and a positive end-expiratory pressure \[PEEP\] ≤ 8 cm of water) or an arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) (measured in mmHg) / FiO2 ratio \> 150 (obtained during ventilation with a PEEP ≤ 8 cm of water); * Respiratory muscle capacity allowing for an effective cough; * A state of wakefulness, defined as a Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS) score of -2 to +1; * No use of continuous sedation; * No use of vasopressors (or use of minimal doses). * At high risk of weaning failure defined by at least one of the following criteria (5): * Age \> 65 years * A cardiac comorbidity among: systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤45%), permanent atrial fibrillation, or a history of cardiogenic pulmonary edema or myocardial ischemia * A respiratory comorbidity among: COPD, restrictive lung disease, or obesity hypoventilation syndrome * Written informed consent obtained from the patient, or in case of incapacity, from the next of kin/trusted person * Patient covered by social security Exclusion Criteria: * Absolute contraindication to NIV (patient refusal, undrained pneumoth…