Investigation of the Effects of Different Treatment Approaches in Jaw (Temporomandibular) Joint Disorders

Inclusion Criteria: Aged between 18 and 60 years Diagnosed with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD - disc displacement or degenerative joint disease) by an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery specialist Clinical findings consistent with temporomandibular joint dysfunction Presence of symptoms and pain related to TMD for at least 6 months No history of acute trauma, infection, or neurological disease No limitation of joint range of motion in the angles assessed for joint position sense No history of any treatment or physiotherapy for TMD within the last 6 months Not using occlusal splints, orthodontic appliances, and/or medications for pain Use of no more than one fixed prosthetic restoration (bridge or implant-supported crown) in a single region Voluntary participation and provision of written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: History of jaw and/or cervical region surgery or trauma within the last 6 months Presence of rheumatological or psychiatric disorders History of fracture involving the temporomandibular joint, cervical, or upper thoracic region Presence of acute cervical disc pathology or other acute conditions affecting the cervical region Presence of skin infection or open wounds Presence of perceptual or communication disorders Partial edentulism classified as Kennedy Class I, II, or III, or multiple missing teeth that impair masticatory function, except for single-tooth loss Presence of fixed prosthetic restorations for more than one missing t…