The aim of this study is to compare coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the treatment of isolated chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery in terms of short- and mid-term clinical outcomes, myocardial revascularization success, and complication rates.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years
SexALL
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Inclusion Criteria:
* Age 18 years or older at the time of the index procedure.
* Diagnosis of isolated chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery.
* Isolated LAD CTO defined as a de novo or in-stent total occlusion confined to the LAD artery, without significant coronary artery disease (defined as ≥50% stenosis) in other major epicardial coronary arteries, including the left circumflex (LCx), right coronary artery (RCA), or major side branches.
* No prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed in non-LAD coronary arteries.
* Patients who underwent coronary revascularization with either coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for isolated LAD CTO.
Exclusion Criteria:
* History of malignancy or active malignant disease at the time of the index procedure.
* Prior coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed in non-LAD coronary arteries.
* Presentation with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
* Discontinuation of prescribed medical therapy by patient preference within one year after the index procedure.
* Presence of multiple chronic total occlusions (CTOs) involving more than one coronary artery.
* Significant side branch disease of the LAD requiring two bypass grafts.
* Performance of crossover stenting from the LAD into the left main coronary artery during LAD CTO-PCI.
* Treatment of LAD CTO with drug-eluting …