This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effects of aromatherapy foot massage on postoperative pain, sleep quality, and recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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pain intensity (VAS score)
Timeframe: 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the massage session and on postoperative Day 1
postoperative recovery (postoperative recovery ındex score)
Timeframe: Baseline (preoperative) and postoperative Day 1