The Effect of Laughter Yoga on Primiparous Pregnant Women

Inclusion Criteria: * Being 18 years of age or older, * never having given birth before * be a primiparous pregnant woman experiencing her first birth, * be pregnant with a single baby, * be approximately 28-34 weeks pregnant at the start of the intervention, * be planning a vaginal birth, * have the ability to read and speak Turkish, * volunteer to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * A diagnosis of high-risk pregnancy or the presence of serious obstetric complications that prevent participation in exercise (e.g., placenta previa, uncontrolled gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, bed rest recommended due to threatened preterm labor, cervical insufficiency), * multiple pregnancy, * history of recurrent pregnancy loss (≥2 miscarriages) or pregnancy achieved through assisted reproductive techniques (e.g., IVF), * diagnosis of a known psychiatric disorder (major depression, anxiety disorder, psychosis, etc.), * history of alcohol or substance use during pregnancy, * Severe orthopedic problems or chronic respiratory system diseases that prevent participation in light exercise or laughter exercises, * Participation in other structured prenatal interventions (e.g., prenatal yoga, hypno-birth, intensive childbirth education programs) aimed at reducing fear or anxiety about childbirth during the study period.