The goal of this observational study is to learn how the health and thickness of the gums and supporting bone around the teeth change over 6 months in adults having jaw surgery to correct the bite. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Do gum and tooth-support measurements change from before surgery to 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery?
* Do CT scan-based measurements of the tooth-supporting bone change over the same time period?
Participants will:
* Have a gum check-up (periodontal examination) before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery.
* Have CT scan-based measurements (CBCT) taken at the same time points for study assessment.
Who can participate
Age range
18 Years – 65 Years
Sex
ALL
See this in plain English?
AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Inclusion Criteria:
* Adults aged ≥18 years.
* Presence of a Class III molar relationship of any severity at baseline.
* Presence of a Class II molar relationship of any severity at baseline.
* Presence of transverse arch discrepancies.
* Presence of vertical maxillary excess.
* Presence of maxillary and/or mandibular asymmetry.
* Presence of anterior open bite.
* Full permanent dentition up to the first molars, with no supernumerary teeth and no agenesis (congenital absence) of teeth up to the first molars.
* No previous orthodontic treatment.
* No history of tooth extraction other than second or third molars.
* Availability of complete baseline and end-of-follow-up periodontal parameters and phenotype records suitable for evaluation.
* Healthy periodontium with no signs of gingival hypertrophy.
* No systemic disease history or medication use that could affect gingival/periodontal conditions.
Exclusion Criteria:
* Patients planned for orthodontic camouflage treatment with fixed appliances for Class II/Class III correction instead of orthognathic surgery.
* History of interproximal enamel reduction (interproximal stripping).
* Presence of dental implants.
* Age \< 18 years.
* Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals.
* Any systemic condition contraindicates orthognathic surgery.
* Psychiatric disorders.
* Syndromic conditions.
* History of previous orthognathic surgery.
* Refusal to sign the informed consent form.
* Individuals belonging to a vulnerable population.
Questions worth asking your doctor
Bring these to your next appointment. They're a starting point for a shared conversation — not a sign you qualify or a recommendation to enrol.
1Based on my diagnosis and history, is this trial worth exploring for me — or is there a standard treatment we should try first?
2What does this trial's phase tell us about how much is already known about its safety and benefit?
3What would taking part actually involve for me — visits, tests, time, and travel?
4What are the known and possible risks or side effects I should weigh, and how would they be monitored?
5If this trial isn't the right fit, what other options or trials would you suggest I look into?
Generated to help you prepare — always confirm anything about your own eligibility and care with the study team and your doctor.
Questions for the trial coordinator
The trial coordinator is the person who runs the study day to day. These cover the practical side — logistics, costs, and what taking part would actually mean for your life. The study team confirms whether you meet the criteria; these are questions to ask, not a sign you qualify.
1What does taking part actually involve week to week — how many visits, where, and how long does each one take?
2What costs are covered by the study, and what might I have to pay for myself, including travel, parking, or time off work?
3What happens during screening, and what happens if the study team confirms I don't meet the criteria after those tests?
4Who pays for the scans, blood work, and other tests the trial requires — the study, my insurance, or me?
5How will being in the trial affect my regular care, and will my own doctor stay informed and involved?
6Can I leave the trial at any point if I change my mind, and what would happen to my care if I do?
A starting point for the conversation — always confirm anything about your own eligibility, costs, and care with the study team and your doctor.
What they're measuring
1
Change in width of keratinized gingiva (mm)
Timeframe: Baseline (preoperative) and postoperative 1, 3, and 6 months.
2
Change in gingival thickness phenotype (thin vs thick)
Timeframe: Baseline (preoperative) and postoperative 1, 3, and 6 months.
3
Change in buccal cortical bone thickness on CBCT (mm)
Timeframe: Baseline (preoperative) and postoperative follow-up CBCT records were obtained during routine controls (planned at 6 months).