This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the relationship between the Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) and tolerable apnea time in geriatric patients undergoing elective oncologic surgery under general anesthesia. Patients aged 65 years and older will be monitored using standard anesthesia monitoring and Masimo Rainbow SET® Pulse CO-Oximetry during anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation. Tolerable apnea time will be defined as the duration from the end of ventilation after intubation to a decrease in peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂) to 94%. The primary objective is to assess the association between ORI warning time and tolerable apnea time. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between ORI values, arterial blood gas parameters at predefined time points, and the Clinical Frailty Scale.
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The primary outcome measure is the association between Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) warning time and tolerable apnea time. ORI warning time is defined as the time interval from the onset of the ORI alarm triggered by a downward trend to the decrease of per
Timeframe: Peri-induction period at predefined time points baseline; after 3 minutes of preoxygenation; after 2 minutes of bag-mask ventilation following intubation; during apnea at SpOâ‚‚ 94%; and after 2 minutes of ventilation with 100% oxygen