Brain Network fMRI Analysis in Proprioceptive Training for Chronic Low Back Pain

Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 18 and 60 years old; * Current or past low back pain lasting more than three months; ③ No abnormal sensation or reflex abnormalities in the lower limbs; ④ Able to commit to participating in training three times per week for three months. Exclusion Criteria: * Fractures, dislocations, structural abnormalities, prior surgery, metal implants, or lumbar disc herniation; * Comorbidities such as severe cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, osteoporosis, or metabolic diseases; ③ Low back pain caused by visceral diseases; * VAS score (range 1-10) exceeding 8 points; * Pregnant or lactating women; ⑥ Symptoms of nerve root irritation; ⑦ Recent participation in core stability training.