Personalized Music Therapy for Preterm Infants

Inclusion Criteria: * Preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia, Perugia (Italy) at the time of enrollment. * Gestational age at birth 28+0 to 36+6 weeks. * Age at enrollment: 5 to 15 days. * Stable vital signs at enrollment per unit policy. * Apgar score at 5 minutes ≥ 7. * Birth weight appropriate for gestational age, between the 50th and 90th percentile. * Written informed consent from parent(s) or legal guardian(s). Exclusion Criteria: * Post-operative status at the time of enrollment. * One or more of the following: intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, significant pulmonary disease, or neonatal anemia. * Congenital anomalies. * Hypersensitivity or intolerance to sound. * Maternal history of drug and/or alcohol misuse during pregnancy. * Lack of parental consent.