This study is a single-center, prospective, randomized, double-arm, Phase II clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with CAPOX, and Iparomlimab and Tuvonralimab (QL1706) as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the relationship between biomarkers in blood and tumor tissue and treatment efficacy. Eligible participants (locally advanced rectal cancer) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to two groups. Participants will: Group A patients received radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. During the first week of radiotherapy, they received one cycle of CAPOX concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Two weeks after the completion of radiotherapy, they continued with four cycles of CAPOX combined with QL1706 immunotherapy. Group B patients received radiotherapy and chemotherapy. After completing the concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, they rested for 2-3 weeks before completing 3 cycles of CAPOX consolidation chemotherapy. Two to three weeks after the completion of neoadjuvant therapy in groups A and B, the efficacy was evaluated, and a decision was made on whether to proceed with surgery or watchful waiting based on the efficacy.
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Complete response (CR)
Timeframe: 1 year