This study investigates whether adding Boccia exercises to conventional rehabilitation improves upper extremity muscle thickness and grip strength in individuals with hemiparesis following stroke. The research aims to determine if Boccia training can enhance muscle morphology and functional strength beyond standard physical therapy.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years – 75 Years
SexALL
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Inclusion Criteria:
* Adults aged 18-75
* Having had a stroke within the last 6-24 months and diagnosed with hemiparesis
* Mild to moderate motor function loss in the upper extremity (e.g., Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Score ≥ 20/66)
* Clinically stable individuals eligible to participate in sessions
* Be conscious, cognitively able to follow instructions, and consent
* Be physically fit enough to participate in exercise at least 3 days a week
Exclusion Criteria:
* Limited upper extremity movement due to severe spasticity, contracture, or joint deformity (Modified Ashworth Scale ≥ 3)
* Contraindication to exercise due to severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, or systemic disease
* Serious diseases other than neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson's, MS, tumor)
* History of upper extremity surgery or trauma within the last 6 months
* Inability to exercise due to severe pain, infection, or skin lesions
* Inability to follow instructions due to psychiatric or cognitive impairment
* Concurrent participation in other clinical trials