Effect of a Music Intervention in Reducing Distress and Pain in Patients With Lung Cancer Undergoing Mini-invasive Surgery

Inclusion Criteria: * Suspected or confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer * Age ≥ 18 years * Indication for lung resection through a minimally invasive surgery * Signed written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Endocrinological disorders involving cortisol axis * Chronic steroid intake \> 10 mg/day * Concomitant treatment with drugs against symptomatic anxiety and/or depression * Partial or complete hearing loss * Inability to follow the schedule of investigation * Patient unwilling to refrain from actively listening to other music (e.g., via other personal devices/headphones) outside of the prescribed musical intervention defined by the study protocol during the hospitalization.