Abutment Analysis of Metallic Denture Frameworks in Mandibular Kenedy Class III Cases

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with unilateral bounded saddles in the mandible (Kennedy class III). * Opposing dentition is fully intact or restored. * Sufficient inter-arch space. * Angle's class I maxilla-mandibular relationship. Exclusion Criteria: * Periodontal affection of the abutment teeth. * Skeletal mal-relation. * Unmotivated patients to maintain adequate oral hygiene to follow up. * Patients with neuromuscular and Psychiatric disorders. * Systematic disease affecting bone and periodontal health. * Insufficient inter-arch space. * Patients with physical disabilities that could affect follow up.