Horizontal Ridge Augmentation With Simultaneous Implant Placement Using Autogenous Ramus Grafts

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients ≥18 years of age * ASA I or II status * Presence of horizontal alveolar ridge deficiency requiring augmentation for implant placement * Treated with autogenous mandibular ramus block grafts and simultaneous implant placement * Provided informed consent for surgical and prosthetic procedures, and use of clinical and radiological data Exclusion Criteria: * Systemic conditions interfering with dental implant treatment (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, metabolic bone disease) * Incomplete clinical or radiological records * Patients with contraindications for oral surgical procedures * Patients unwilling to provide informed consent