A well-established rehabilitation strategy for improvements of standing and walking ability in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) is step training on a motorized treadmill with body weight support. A promising intervention is stimulation of the spinal cord through the skin (transspinal). No single intervention is likely to significantly improve long-term function after SCI on its own. Rather, combinatorial treatments that work synergistically and can be used at different clinical settings is the answer to target recovery in people with SCI. The objective of this clinical trial is to develop a non-invasive combinatorial intervention that can be used worldwide in different clinical settings. The investigators will use cervical and lumbosacral transspinal stimulation to augment the benefits of locomotor training and affect vital body functions after SCI. The investigators will deliver non-invasive cervical and lumbosacral transspinal stimulation alone or with step training to improve upright posture, walking, bladder, sex, and bowel function in persons with incomplete SCI. The noninvasive nature of the intervention holds minimal risk that outweighs the benefits.
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Soleus H-reflex recruitment curve
Timeframe: Before and 1 day after all intervention sessions are completed.
Soleus H-reflex rate-dependent depression
Timeframe: Before and 1 day after all intervention sessions are completed.
Soleus H-reflex phase-dependent modulation during stepping
Timeframe: Before and 1 day after all intervention sessions are completed.
Leg transspinal evoked potentials recruitment curves
Timeframe: Before and 1 day after all intervention sessions are completed.
Flexor carpus radialis H-reflex recruitment curve
Timeframe: Before and 2 days after all intervention sessions are completed.
Flexor carpus radialis H-reflex rate dependent depression
Timeframe: Before and 2 days after all intervention sessions are completed.
Arm transspinal evoked potentials recruitment curves
Timeframe: Before and 2 days after all intervention sessions are completed.