By InvitationNot Applicable

Effect of Foot Reflexology on Anxiety

Brazil44 participantsStarted 2025-07-30

Plain-language summary

This randomized, sham-controlled, parallel, double-blind clinical trial investigates the effects of foot reflexology on anxiety and well-being in adults with anxiety disorders. Participants are randomized (1:1) to receive either standardized foot reflexology or sham massage for 10 sessions (twice per week, 5 weeks). The primary outcome is the change in Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) score from baseline to the 10th session. Secondary outcomes include BAI score at 30-day follow-up, relaxation and well-being assessed immediately after each session with the Profile of Mood States (POMS - Brazilian version, Tension-Anxiety subscale), and incidence of adverse events. It is hypothesized that foot reflexology will result in a greater reduction of anxiety symptoms compared to sham massage.

Who can participate

Age range18 Years – 80 Years

SexALL

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Inclusion Criteria: * Age between 18 and 60 years. * Clinical diagnosis of anxiety disorder confirmed by a healthcare professional (physician or psychologist). * Score ≥ 11 on the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in the initial assessment. * Availability to participate in the 10 proposed sessions. * Signed informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Current use of benzodiazepines, antidepressants, or other psychotropic medications initiated less than 3 months ago. * Associated diagnosis of psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, or active suicidal ideation. * Presence of serious or decompensated medical conditions (e.g., severe cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled epilepsy). * Simultaneous participation in other complementary therapies (e.g., acupuncture, auriculotherapy, yoga, Reiki) during the study period. * Pregnant or lactating women. * Individuals with foot injuries, infections, or diseases that prevent foot reflexology.

What they're measuring

Reduction of Anxiety Symptoms (BAI)

Timeframe: Baseline, after 5 sessions and after 10 sessions (approximately 5 weeks).

Trial details

NCT IDNCT07161102

SponsorCarlos Germano Dias Santos

Sponsor typeOTHER

Study typeINTERVENTIONAL

Primary completion2025-11-30