Pain and Anxiety in Pediatric Dentistry: Computer-Controlled vs. Traditional Anesthesia

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients classified as ASA I in general systemic health * Children between 7 and 10 years of age * Absence of any syndromic condition * No physical or mental disability * No prior dental treatment experience * Frankl Behavior Rating Scale Class III or IV * Presence of carious lesions limited to less than one-third of the buccolingual distance between cusp tips on the occlusal surfaces of primary or permanent molars on both sides * Radiographic evidence of caries involving up to half of the dentin thickness with intact dentin at the pulp-dentin border in primary or permanent molars on both sides * Teeth on both sides responding positively to pulp vitality tests, with no periradicular pathology or significant widening of the lamina dura on periapical radiographs Exclusion Criteria: * Patients with mild or severe systemic diseases or those undergoing medical treatment * Patients younger than 7 or older than 10 years of age * Uncooperative or noncompliant patients classified as Class I or Class II according to the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale * Patients requiring urgent dental treatment * Patients with wide carious lesions extending beyond one-third of the buccolingual distance between cusp tips on the occlusal surfaces * Patients with carious lesions limited to less than one-third of the buccolingual width only on one side of the jaw * Teeth with carious lesions not reaching half of the dentin thickness on radiographic evalu…