Blood Flow Restriction Training as a Targeted Intervention for Rowers With Back Pain.

Inclusion Criteria: * Aged 13-20 years old * Currently active rower (training ≥3 days/week or 12 hours/week) * Mild LBP with a low reactivity (\<3/10) or recurring LBP within the past 18 months that has affected attendance to team practices/races. * Able to complete a 2,000-meter rowing erg test Exclusion Criteria: * Have severe or acute back pain that limits basic movement or requires medical treatment * History of spinal surgery or structural spine conditions (scoliosis requiring bracing/surgery) * Have a contraindication to BFR training, identified via BFR safety screening form: * Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) * History of vascular surgery in arms or legs * Skin grafts on arms or legs * Arteriovenous fistula in limbs * Cognitive or physical impairment that limits participation * Hypertension or high blood pressure (uncontrolled or undiagnosed) * Bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia) * Blood clotting disorders (e.g., lupus, factor-V Leiden) * Past history of DVT or pulmonary embolism (PE) * Surgery in the past 12 weeks * Recent limb immobilization (e.g., cast, boot) in the last 4 weeks * History of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) * History of cancer * Diagnosed heart disease * History of rhabdomyolysis * Diagnosed diabetes * Sickle cell disease * History of compartment syndrome * History of nerve damage or injury * Any prior complications or adverse reactions to BFR training * Any other medical conditions that should be cleared by a physician before startin…