A 12-month randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Pakistan Sports Board, Lahore, with 40 athletes (18-35 years) randomly allocated to IASTM (n=20) or PNF (n=20) groups. Interventions were administered 3 times/week for 4 weeks. Outcomes included Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), goniometric hip ROM, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
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Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Timeframe: 6 weeks
Hip ROM
Timeframe: 6 weeks
Oswestry Disability Index
Timeframe: 6 weeks