Aquatic Versus Land-Based Plyometric Exercises on Vertical Jump Performance and Landing Mechanics

Inclusion Criteria: * Age: 18 to 30 years old . * Plyometric Training Experience: At least one year of prior experience in plyometric or athletic training. Exclusion Criteria: * Participation in any other exercise programs outside the experimental one (e.g., gymnastics). * History of severe musculoskeletal injuries or surgeries within the past 6 months. * Any medical conditions that would contraindicate plyometric exercise (e.g., cardiovascular, respiratory conditions).