This clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasonography-guided botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection into the lateral pterygoid muscle for the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR). Ten patients diagnosed with ADDwR participated in the study. Each patient received an ultrasound-guided injection of 25 units of BTX-A into the lateral pterygoid muscle under local anesthesia. Clinical evaluations were performed preoperatively and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively. Outcome measures included pain levels assessed by the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), TMJ sounds (clicking) detected using a stethoscope, disc position assessed by MRI, mandibular function parameters such as lateral excursion and maximum interincisal opening, and the Fonseca's questionnaire scores. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in pain and TMJ sounds, improvement in disc position, and enhanced mandibular function over a 6-month follow-up period. These findings suggest that ultrasonography-guided BTX-A injection into the lateral pterygoid muscle is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with TMJ ADDwR.
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Change in Pain Intensity on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Timeframe: Baseline (preoperative), 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks post-injection