The Chocolate Almond Study - Relating Chewing to Satiation and Postprandial Response

Inclusion Criteria: * BMI between 18.5-27.9 kg/m\^2 or waist circumference less than 88 cm * No known food allergies or sensitivities * Non-restrained eaters based on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire * No history of gastrointestinal diseases that may interfere with eating behaviour or digestion * Not on medications that affect appetite, digestion, blood sugar regulation, saliva production, or chewing * Stable medication use * Non-smokers * Not gained or lost significant weight during the past 3 months * Regular monthly menstrual cycles * Not pregnant, lactating, or post-menopausal Exclusion Criteria: * Diabetes or other metabolic disorders affecting glycemia and overall cardiometabolic health * Any food allergies, intolerance, or sensitivities * Any life-threatening allergy * Pregnant or breastfeeding * Participation in another clinical trial * Alcohol consumption more than 14 drinks per week * Smokers or those with a smoking history or more than 10 years * Regular use of recreational drugs (e.g., marijuana, ecstasy, magic mushrooms) * Restrained eater as defined by \> 15 on the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire * Unusual sleep patterns * Irregular breakfast consumption * Recent weight changes or intended weight loss or gain or having lost or gained \>10% of body weight within the last 6 months * Using medications known to affect appetite, digestion, blood sugar regulation, lipids, or chewing (excluding oral contraceptives) * Experiences dry mouth, in general or due t…