Multi-omics Detection Techniques for Differentiating Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient underwent a ct examination * Patient was confirmed to have pulmonary nodules * Patient has been determined to undergo surgical treatment * There are clear pathological results * The clinicopathological data are complete Exclusion Criteria: * Patient has no ct examination results * Refuse surgical treatment * Patient has no clear pathological diagnosis * Patients with hematogenic infectious diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B or hepatitis C. * Patients with tumor emergencies that require immediate treatment. * Poor vascular conditions. * Abnormal coagulation function or receiving anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy. * Patients with hematogenic infectious diseases, such as HBV. * Patients with psychiatric disorders or severe mental illnesses. * Patients who have difficulty communicating or are unable to be followed up for a long time