Comparing Music-Supported and Traditional Aerobic Training in Geriatric Health Outcomes

Inclusion Criteria: * Being 65 years of age or older * Willingness to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Presence of uncontrolled hypertension (≥180/110 mmHg) or severe complications of diabetes (e.g., diabetic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy, uncontrolled hypoglycemic episodes) * Presence of respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, etc. * Presence of chronic neurological disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), etc. * Diagnosis of any oncological disease * Presence of acute musculoskeletal conditions that would prevent participation in exercise (e.g., fracture, advanced osteoarthritis, severe musculoskeletal injuries) * Having undergone any surgical operation within the past 6 months * Presence of visual or auditory impairments that could interfere with the assessment procedures * A score of ≤24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), indicating cognitive impairment * Participation in a regular exercise program within the last six months