The Effect of Birth Ball and Perineal Massage on Perineal Pain, Perineal Trauma and Birth Satisfaction

Inclusion Criteria: * Between 18-35 years old * Active phase * Multipar * Singleton pregnancy * No risky pregnancy * No complications for vaginal delivery * Gestational week between 37-42 * The amniotic membrane has not opened * No perineal scar tissue * The anterior cephalic position of the fetal head * Can speak and understand Turkish * Pregnant women who agreed to participate in the study Exclusion Criteria: * Macrosomic fetus (birth weight over 4000 grams according to ultrasound calculation) * Vaginal infection and/or sexually transmitted disease Research Termination Criteria * Cesarean section decision following trauma (due to fetal distress etc.) * Pregnant women who develop complications during labor (instrumental delivery, etc.) * Pregnant women who wish to withdraw from work