Dexmedetomidine Versus Lidocaine Infusions as Adjuvants to General Anesthesia for Chronic Pain Management After Mastectomy

Inclusion Criteria: * Age from 18 to 75 years. * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II. * Scheduled for mastectomy with axillary dissection (either modified radical mastectomy with or without latissimus dorsi flap or conservative breast surgery) due to breast cancer. Exclusion Criteria: * Patient refusal. * Known allergy to any of the study drugs. * Those with hepatic or renal insufficiency. * Patients who are running regularly on B blockers. * α2 adrenergic agonists and sedatives. * Psychoactive medications.