Language Intervention Training for Cognitive Protection in High-risk Cardio-Cerebrovascular Elderly Population

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients aged ≥ 60 years * High risk of stroke (with ≥ 3 of 8 stroke risk factors, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease, smoking history, obvious overweight or obesity, lack of exercise, family history of stroke, or with transient ischemic attack) * command of Hangzhou dialect * Written informed consent available * Willingness to complete all assessments and participate in follow-up * Adequate Visual and auditory acuity to undergo neuropsychological testing Exclusion Criteria: * previously diagnosed dementia * Suspected dementia after clinical assessment by study physician at screening visit * Previous history of major head trauma and any intracranial surgery * Intracranial abnormalities, such as intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage and other space occupying lesions * Extrapyramidal symptoms or mental illness which may affect neuropsychological measurement * Severe loss of vision, hearing, or communicative ability * Patients presenting a malignant disease with life expectancy \< 3 years * Participation in an ongoing investigational drug study * Any MRI contraindications