This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effects of preoperative dexmedetomidine and tramadol on anxiety, pain, and hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia. Preoperative anxiety levels will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and postoperative pain will be evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters will also be recorded and compared among the study groups.
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Change in Preoperative Anxiety Level (STAI-S Score)
Timeframe: From baseline (one day before surgery) to immediately before spinal anesthesia on the day of surgery