Preliminary Explorative Study of Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery in Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients

Inclusion Criteria: * For 30 days before enrollment, the type and dosage of primary OCD medications (including antidepressants and adjunctive medications such as antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants) remain unchanged. However, other symptom-relief medications, such as anti-anxiety drugs, are not restricted. * Diagnosed by a psychiatrist through a diagnostic interview, meeting the criteria for OCD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) for at least five years; and scoring above 28 on the Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). * OCD symptoms show limited improvement with existing treatments, classified as refractory according to the OCD Clinical Practice Review Task Force of the Anxiety \& Depression Association of America (ADAA): i. Received treatment with at least three different antidepressants at adequate doses and durations. ii. Received treatment with at least two of the following medications for over a month each: antipsychotics, clonazepam, lithium, buspirone. iii. Underwent appropriate cognitive-behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) for at least 20 sessions. * Able to comply with focused ultrasound-related operational instructions (device: ExAblate MRgFUS). During the procedure, participants must be able to communicate with the physician and express their sensory experiences (general anesthesia is not required). * After explanation by a psych…