The Role of Toll-like Receptor-4 in Periodontitis Patients With End-stage Renal Disease in a Sample of Egyptian Population

Group I: Healthy Subjects with Periodontitis Inclusion Criteria: Age: 30 to 60 years Gender: Both male and female Diagnosed with Periodontitis stage II and/or stage III Systemically healthy, no history of systemic diseases Not on long-term medications Exclusion Criteria: Smokers Individuals with any systemic disease or long-term medication use Group II: ESRD Patients with Periodontitis Inclusion Criteria: Age: 30 to 60 years Gender: Both male and female Diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis Diagnosed with Periodontitis stage II and/or stage III Unrelated Egyptians from a similar socioeconomic status, residing in the same geographical area Underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus Exclusion Criteria: Individuals with kidney transplants Individuals with systemic diseases other than diabetes History of malignancy Smokers